The characteristic IUPAC suffix for a carboxyl group is " oic acid", and care must be taken not to confuse this systematic nomenclature with the similar common system. In the IUPAC system of nomenclature the carboxyl carbon is designated #1, and other substituents are located and named accordingly. Nomenclature of Carboxylic AcidsĪs with aldehydes, the carboxyl group must be located at the end of a carbon chain. In this case, the change in chemical and physical properties resulting from the interaction of the hydroxyl and carbonyl group are so profound that the combination is customarily treated as a distinct and different functional group. Other combinations of functional groups were described previously, and significant changes in chemical behavior as a result of group interactions were described (e.g. It is often written in condensed form as –CO 2H or –COOH. As may be seen in the formula on the right, the carboxyl group is made up of a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbonyl group. The carboxyl functional group that characterizes the carboxylic acids is unusual in that it is composed of two functional groups described earlier in this text.
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